R48 -- Ultralow-Temperature Refrigeration - (SI)

Ultralow-temperature refrigeration is defined here as refrigeration in the temperature range of 58 to 148F (50 to 100(.What is considered low temperature for an application depends on the temperature range for that specific application. Low temperatures for air conditioning are around 32F (0C); for industrial refrigeration,31 to 58F (35 to 50C); and for cryogenics, approaching 0R (0 K). Applications such as freeze-drying, as well as the pharmaceutical, chemical, and petroleum industries, use refrigeration in the low temperature range as designated in this chapter.

Chapter Table of Contents

Autocascade Systems
Custom-Designed and Field-Erected Systems
Single-Refrigerant Systems
Cascade Systems
Low-Temperature Materials
Insulation
Heat Transfer
Secondary Coolants

Citation: 2010 ASHRAE Handbook -- Refrigeration: Chapter 48, Ultralow-Temperature Refrigeration



Product Code(s): D-R482010SI